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Objective:To study the material basis of the drug effect of the raw material of lamb′s tripe and vitamin B12 capsule.Methods:Rennet and pepsin were extracted with 0.9% sodium chloride and were purified by saturated ammonium sulfate precipitation, diethylaminoethyl-cellulose 52 and high pressure chromatography (HPLC) chromatography. Relative molecular weight was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The amino acid composition and antioxidant activity of raw materials were analyzed with HPLC. The raw materials were completely extracted with water, phosphate buffer and sodium bicarbonate in turn, and in vitro 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radil 2, 2-diphenyl-1-(2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) radical activity were measured. Glycoprotein from raw material was extracted with hot water and determined its growth-promoting activity gaginst Bifidobacterium adolescentis , Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus and Enterococcus faecalis was measured. The composition of amino acid and monosaccharide were analyzed by HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Results:The enzyme activity of two purified rennet F6-2 and F7-2 which had different ionic strengths and pepsin F7-1 were 27 557.10, 17 532.60 and 17 728.15 U/g, respectively. The results of SDS-PAGE indicated that the molecular weights of three enzymes were similar, ranging from 35 000 to 40 000. The raw material contained 16 kinds of amino acids, of which hydrophobic amino acids accounted for 33.03% of the total amino acid content. When the sample concentration was 5 mg/mL, ABTS free radical scavenging activity of the three extracts was (37.80±0.45)%, (23.20±0.78)% and (62.80±0.74)%; DPPH free radical scavenging activity was (57.87±0.55)%, (5.03±0.25)% and (26.67±3.10)%, respectively. Glycoprotein extracts had promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus and Enterococcus faecalis, and there was statistically significant difference in the promotion of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus and Enterococcus faecalis ( P<0.05). The protein chain of glycoprotein was composed of 15 amino acids and the polysaccharide chain was composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and lactose. Conclusions:Two rennet and one pepsin are isolated and analyzed from raw material of lamb abomasum by various chromatographic methods. The raw material is rich in antioxidant active ingredients. The glycoprotein components of lamb abomasum has the activity of promoting the growth of probiotics.
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Objective To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among the only-child-lost persons.Methods A total of 841 only-child-lost persons and 674 controls conforming to entering group condition were selected.The difference of SDS score between the two groups and the demographic characteristics distribution differences of depression severity in only-child-lost persons were compared and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results The SDS score had statistical difference between the only-child-lost persons group and control group(P＜0.05),and was correlated to the only-child-lost years and no physical disease;the proportion of mild to moderate depression in the only-child-lost persons of the low cultural level,somatic diseases and middle income level groups was significantly higher than that in the other groups;the only-child-lost persons with low income level,age≤60 years old and high educational level had a higher proportion of severe depression;the Logistic regression analysis showed that the educational level had a significant influence on the depression onset among the only-child-lost persons,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The characteristics of depressive symptoms among the only-child-lost persons are related to their demographic characteristics.
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OBJECTIVE:To compare Paliperidone sustained-release tablet and Paliperidone palmitate injection in the treatment of schizophrenia in respects of medium-term and long-term efficacy,safety,insight,medication compliance and social function of patients,so ad to provide reference for drug selection in the clinic.METHODS:Eighty-four schizophrenia patients selected from our center during Mar.2015-Jun.2016 were divided into Paliperidone sustained-release tablet group (group H,44 cases) and Paliperidone palmitate injection group (group Z,40 cases).Group H was given Paliperidone sustained-release tablet orally with initial dose of 3 mg/d,gradually increasing to 9 mg/d 2 weeks later according to disease condition;the drug dose was adjusted and ranged 3-12 mg/d according to disease condition.Group Z was given Paliperidone palmitate injection intramuscularly,150 mg on 1st day,100 mg on 8th day,and then given injection once a month,drug dose was adjusted according to disease condition (75,100,150 mg).Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 12 months.Before treatment,1,2,3,6,9,12 months after treatment,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate therapeutic efficacy;Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SAUMD) was used to evaluate the cognition of patients to disease;Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) was used to evaluate medication compliance;Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) was used to evaluate patient's social function.The occurrence of ADR was observed during treatment.RESULTS:3,2 patients withdrew from group H,Z during treatment.Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in PANSS,SAUMD,MARS,PSP scores between 2 groups (P＞0.05).1,2,3,6,9,12 months after treatment,PANSS and SAUMD scores of 2 groups were decreased significantly,while MARS and PSP scores were increased significantly,compared to before treatment,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).9,12 months after treatment,PANSS and SAUMD scores of group Z were decreased significantly,while MARS and PSP scores were increased significantly,compared to group H,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the occurrence of ADR between 2 groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:For schizophrenia,Paliperidone palmitate injection is better than Paliperi done sustained-release tablet in respects of medium-term and long-term efficacy,patient's insight,medication compliance,social function recovery;the longer the time,the more prominent the superiority.There is no significant difference in safety between them.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of early alterations of carotid arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) and elastic function in patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) using ultrasound radio-frequency technique.Methods 48 patients (triglyceride value ≥ 1.8 mmol/L) were chosen as HTG group.Quantitative intimamedia thickness (QIMT) and quantitative arterial stiffness (QAS) techniques were used to observe the alterations of carotid arterial IMT and elastic index,including diameter of carotid artery (D),distensibility coefficient (DC),compliance coefficient (CC),elasticity coefficient (α),elasticity coefficient (β) and pulse wave velocity (PWV).50 healthy subjects were recruited in control group.Differences of the above-mentioned parameters were analyzed,as well as the elastic index connections between the two groups.Results IMT,α,β,and PWV index of bilateral carotid arteries in HTG group was higher than that of the control group,while the DC and CC index was lower,and the differences was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Within the groups there were differences between the elastic indexes of bilateral carotid arteries.In control group and the HTG group:CCL＞CCR,αL＞αR,βL＞βR,PWVL＞PWVR.CC was negatively correlated to α,β and PWV (P＜0.05).Meanwhile,there was positive correlation among α,β and PWV (P＜0.05).The differences of D between two groups had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).Conclusions The abnormity of arterial occurs earlier than the morphological change,while the ultrasound radio-frequency technique can provide information of earlier alteration of common carotid arteries structure and elastic function in patients with HTG,which is a significant method of testing early alteration of carotid elastic in patients with HTG.
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Objective To explore the value of image fusion guided contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in detecting liver nodules with abnormal blood supply missed by ultrasonography (US) and CEUS.Methods In 35 patients with HBV cirrhosis,forty-two liver nodules with abnormal blood supply which were missed by US and CEUS but detected by contrast-enhanced CT/MRI were analyzed retrospectively.Image fusion guided CEUS was performed after ultrasound and contrast enhanced CT/MRI images were fused.The fusion time,technical success rate,nodule detection rate and diagnosis accuracy rate were analyzed.Results Image fusion was underwent successfully in all 35 patients,the technical success rate was 100％.Average fusion time was (4.1-± 1.8)min(1-17 min).Forty liver nodules with abnormal blood supply were detected by image fusion guided CEUS,and the detection rate was 95.2％ (40/42).One nodule located at the top of right liver was missed because of the influence of lung gas,the other one was invisible due to its deep position.The diagnosis accuracy rate of image fusion guided CEUS was 97.5 ％ (39/40),and two nodules misdiagnosed by contrast-enhanced CT were diagnosed correctly by image fusion guided CEUS.Conclusions Image fusion guided CEUS had a high detection rate and diagnosis accuracy rate for liver nodules with abnormal blood supply missed by US and CEUS.It can improve the clinical diagnosis and guide interventional procedures.
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Objective To compare the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced helical CT (CECT) for various small focal nodular lesions (≤2 cm) in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods Eighty-one small hepatic space-occupying lesions in 72 patients with liver cirrhosis were detected with CEUS and CECT, respectively. The diagnostic performance was calculated by histological results obtained from biopsy or surgery, which was considered as the gold standard, Results Fifty-three of the 81 small nodules were hepatocellular carcinoma, 26 were regenerative nodules and 2 were hemangioma. On CEUS, 51 (96.2%,51/53) HCC were hypervascular during arterial phase. On CECT, 41 (77.4%, 41/53) HCC were hypervascular (P < 0.01).Nodules which appeared by contrast enhancement during the arterial phase and contrast wash-out during the portal/late phase on CEUS or CECT were considered as HCC. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 86.8% (46/53) ,82.1% (23/28) ,and 85.2 % (69/81) in CEUS, and 73.6% (39/53), 92.9 % (26/28), and 80.2 % (65/81) in CECT, respectively. Overall, there was no significant difference between CEUS and CECT in the diagnostic confidence for small hepatic nodules (P >0.05).Conclusions CEUS is superior to CECT in the detection of arterial vascularization for small hepatocellular carcinoma with a diameter ≤2 cm. The ability of CEUS in the characterization of focal nodular lesions in cirrhotic livers is similar to that of CECT.
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@#Objective To investigate the relationships between incidence of post-stroke depression(PSD)and sex,lesion sites and stroke severity,as well as the treatment of anti-depression in elderly patients.Methods 112 stroke patients were assessed by Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)to evaluate the severity of depression,and the related features were analyzed in 42 diagnosed PSD patients.Results The incidence of PSD was 37.5% in elderly patients,90.5% of which were mild-and moderate-depression(P<0.01).The incidence of PSD was significantly different between genders(P<0.01).PSD incidence in patients with basal ganglia lesion was significantly different compared to that with lesions of cerebral cortex,cerebellum or brainstem(P<0.01).PSD incidence in patients with left cerebral hemisphere lesion was similar with that in those with right or both sides of cerebral hemisphere lesions(P>0.05).PSD incidence was different between patients with mono-and poly-lesions.PSD incidence in patients with severe degree of neurological dysfunction was significantly different compared to that with moderate or mild degrees of neurological dysfunction(P<0.05,P<0.01).Based on the treatment of stroke,the HAMD scores decreased significantly after mind-cure and anti-depression medication treatments(P<0.01).Conclusion PSD incidence is high in elderly patients,and most of PSD are mild and moderate.Females are susceptibility with PSD than males.PSD incidence is higher in patients with basal ganglia lesion,but is not correlated with the infracted area.The more lesions in cerebral,and the severer degree of neurological dysfunction,the PSD incidence is higher.The treatments of mind-cure and anti-depression medications based on the treatment of stroke are safe and effective for PSD patients.
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To study the heritability (h~2) of pterygium, the morbidity of pterygium in the first degree relatives of 123 patients was found to be 8.04％ h~2=49.9％ and that of the control group was 2.24％. However, for subjects under 40 years of age, the h~2 was 42.3％, while for subjects over 40 years of age, h~2=54.36％. It was concluded that the genetic factor plays an important role in the pathogeny of pterygium and the age factor also exerts some effects.